# Orthographic¶

The orthographic projection is a perspective azimuthal projection centered around a given latitude and longitude.

 Classification Azimuthal Available forms Forward and inverse, spherical and ellipsoidal Defined area Global, although only one hemisphere can be seen at a time Alias ortho Domain 2D Input type Geodetic coordinates Output type Projected coordinates

proj-string: +proj=ortho

Note

Before PROJ 7.2, only the spherical formulation was implemented. If wanting to replicate PROJ < 7.2 results with newer versions, the ellipsoid must be forced to a sphere, for example by adding a +f=0 parameter.

## Parameters¶

Note

All parameters for the projection are optional.

+lon_0=<value>

Longitude of projection center.

Defaults to 0.0.

+lat_0=<value>

Latitude of projection center.

Defaults to 0.0.

+ellps=<value>

See proj -le for a list of available ellipsoids.

Defaults to “GRS80”.

+R=<value>

Radius of the sphere given in meters. If used in conjunction with +ellps +R takes precedence.

+x_0=<value>

False easting.

Defaults to 0.0.

+y_0=<value>

False northing.

Defaults to 0.0.